L’IA pourrait venir à bout du staphylocoque doré !

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Selon une recherche dont les résultats ont été publiés dans la revue Nature, l’intelligence artificielle a permis de dégager le profil de molécules antibactériennes susceptibles de combattre certaines infections à staphylocoque résistant aux antibiotiques. Cette recherche originale réalisée par une équipe du Broad Institute du MIT et de Harvard (Cambridge, Massachusetts) combine les performances de

Selon une recherche dont les résultats ont été publiés dans la revue Nature, l’intelligence artificielle a permis de dégager le profil de molécules antibactériennes susceptibles de combattre certaines infections à staphylocoque résistant aux antibiotiques.

Cette recherche originale réalisée par une équipe du Broad Institute du MIT et de Harvard (Cambridge, Massachusetts) combine les performances de l’intelligence artificielle à l’expertise biomédicale, a permis d’identifier une classe de composés potentiellement actifs sur le staphylocoque doré résistant à certains antibiotiques.

L’originalité de la démarche est de pouvoir anticiper, virtuellement, à partir de la structure chimique de dizaines de milliers de molécules, à la fois de possibles propriétés antibactériennes et le pouvoir toxique, ou non, de ces molécules sur les cellules humaines. Pour y parvenir, les chercheurs ont d’abord déterminé les activités antibiotiques de 39 312 composés, des sous-structures chimiques de molécules déjà connues, ainsi que leurs profils de cytotoxicité sur des cellules humaines. Des réseaux de neurones ont ainsi été entraînés à identifier les structures chimiques associées à une activité antimicrobienne puis ont été utilisés pour passer au crible plus de 12 millions de composés et prédire leur activité antibiotique et leur cytotoxicité.

Avec cette technique, 283 composés ont été sélectionnés pour être testés empiriquement contre le staphylocoque doré et de premiers tests réalisés sur des souris ont permis d’identifier une classe de structure qui s’est avérée antimicrobienne à l’égard d’un staphylocoque résistant à la méticilline et d’entérocoques résistants à la vancomycine.

79 thoughts on “L’IA pourrait venir à bout du staphylocoque doré !

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